[Explanation of technical term]


*Synapse
Thing to have written image and composition of each page by character; It is call "Synapse" by me only. This is not used to show it to others persons. Therefore, there is no perfection like the scenario.
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*OmniOutliner
This is the application for MacOS X made by Omni co.
The operation of this software is steady. However, it was felt that convenience was unexpectedly bad in the following points. It is not possible to move by dragging the column. It is not possible to move to the end of sentence with Command + Right-Arrow key. The preview of the print cannot be done alone. The out-line processor named "IdeaStorm" made in Japan was used for time when I had been using MacOS 9. Because the development of the software had ended, it switched to OmniOutliner.
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*Name (ye-conte; picture continuity)
The following are almost drawn in the draft form like copy paper.
# Person's line
# Imitation sound
# Scene remunerative; division and arrangement of picture
# Rough composition of picture
As a result, the flow of a concrete story of the cartoon is decided. I do not know why to call the picture continuity "Name" in the industry. In a narrow sense, it seems to be called, person's dialog is "Name".

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*SYASYOKU; Photocomposition
It is Abbreviation of Phototypography. It seems to be a computer typesetting that uses the computer now. The person's line drafted in the cartoon manuscript is made out. It orders to the photocomposition trader. It puts it on the cartoon manuscript with tweezers applying the paste to photocomposition. These are the work of a traditional cartoon editor. The cartoon manuscript became an electronic sending manuscript to a printing office by data. However, the work of photocomposition seems to be too unchanged in old times.
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*72dpi Gray
72dpi shows the Resolution and the Gray shows the color mode. The Resolution uses the unit named "dpi" by the value needed when scanning or printing. "dpi" is abbreviation of the dot par inch. If it is 72dpi, it is meant to scan by 72 pixels an inch (Or, print). If only the difference among RGB (full-color), the gray (256 step gray), and monochrome (black and white 2steps) is understood in doing the cartoon for the time being, it is enough though there are a lot of color modes.
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*Miri-pen; a millimeter pen
This is sold in the stationery shop and the painting materials shop. It is a generic name of a precise felt-tip pen where a uniform line can be drawn with every several 100-micro meter in Japan. When it dries, the pen that uses the water pigments ink (Pigment-ink) for ink becomes water-proof. "PIGMA" etc. of the Sakura Color Products CORP. in Japan are famous. The ROTRING-Pen of Germany is also famous. This weak point is that the chip of the pen point collapses easily. Additionally, it is weak to the eraser.

They are various Miri-pens. B-1 COLOR DRAWING of the SAILOR PEN CO., LTD. doesn't sell it so much though slipping of the chip is good and my favorite.
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*600dpi monochrome (black and white 2 steps)
Generally, the resolution of 300dpi or more is necessary for the manuscript for the print. 350dpi from 300dpi is appropriate for the color illustration because of the number of print lines. Data was made from 300dpi in "Aqua Knight" for the convenience of the equipment environment and it sent manuscripts to a printing office. It sends manuscripts to a printing office with 600dpi twice in "BAA LastOrder". It is necessary to pay the data creation attention different from the color illustration for the cartoon of a monochrome print for the quality of paper of the magazine and the quality of the make-up. It explains the reason that scan mode is not the gray-scale but monochrome (black and white 2 steps) by the item of "Anti-alias".
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*A Kent-paper
Translator note: The name of "Kent paper" originates in state name of the British English southeast that is the country of origin. This is quality paper used for drafting etc. The paper has various sizes and thickness. Now, I buy in each carton, and am using the B4 size made by KOKUYO Co, Ltd. Kent paper. Translator note: The B4 size is a standard of Japan. 257mm * 364mm; about 10.12 inch *14.33 inch. They are 157 grams per square meter, and the considerably thin one. The purpose of the reason to use thin paper is to multiuse the following techniques. The manuscript is looked through on the trace-stand; backlight desk and the sketch correction is done back of the manuscript paper.

This photograph is a carton box that 400 Kent papers entered. When the manuscript of opening wide is produced, two Kent papers tie with the tape and are used. The public office in Japan came to use the document of A-version of an international standard from the document of the B4 edition. I am worried because the production of paper of the result and the B4 size seems to have decreased.
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*SENNTAKU-HANNI; Range of selection
People say the work with the computer is one started from the operation of the selection in doing anything. In Photoshop, the dotted line area that is called "Line of ants" by enclosing a part of the image with the selection tool is displayed. *Kind of selection tool: "Rectangular selection tool", "Auto Select tool (Magic-wand)", and "Polygonal selection tool; (I hardly use this tool). Such a function was most paint software from the great antiquity. However, the freedom of the processing and the application of the range of the selection is a reason why the king of the paint software is Photoshop. I declare secrets of the production of a digital manuscript of the cartoon as follows. "In a digital manuscript, it is possible or it limits and makes the range of the selection of the work purpose quickly".
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*ATARI
a rough draft, a mark

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*Photoshop
This is retouching software of very famous Adobe Systems Incorporated. This is software assumed to be a real standard for the professional who is related to graphic. It doesn't relate to OS named Mac or Win. This is the most important software. If this cannot be used, it doesn't become a talk at all. I am using it from an English version of version 2.0 of Photoshop. At that time, I was overwhelmed to the package of Photoshop that was attached to a huge binder of about ten floppy disks. I did not know the serial number even was input. Therefore, I have the memory that the software was not able to be used for a while.
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*HASHIRA; a pillar
This is a delimitation part that became the cylinder shape of the scene and the scene of the cartoon.
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*WHITE SYUU-SEI; White-correct (corrected white)
This is scanned garbage of the image and a correction of the mistake of the picture. When the manuscript is made by the hand work, it is called so because the white of the poster paint was used at the great antiquity. My work could not help becoming careful because it saw that had been corrected when printing to put the screen tone on the manuscript that corrected white. The correction part can be completely deleted at digital work. I want to say to Digital, "Banzai".
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*BETA-NURI; Black painting out
This is a term of the cartoon industry that means work to paint out the part where the cartoon manuscript was specified blacking it. Because it is simple work of the repetition, it is one of the typical works of the assistant. The assistant of the painting out work specialty is called "Beta-man". In Photoshop, it is possible to paint out momentarily if the bucket tool is chosen and one is clicked. If it even in case of what wide area or a complex line.
Therefore, Beta-man became unnecessary.
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*WAKUSENN-BIKI; Drawn the frame line.
I drew the frame line with a special draftsman's outfit at the great antiquity. It is called "Crow's beak drawing pen". The line of various thicknesses can be drawn in this pen by adjusting the screw. And, a very beautiful line of the edge was able to be drawn. However, the skill was necessary for the use of this pen. When maintenance was neglected, this was a tool of rust delicate with surprising swiftness. At that time, at the time of having produced old Battle Angel Alita I drew the frame line by using 0.5milli of the Rotring pen. At now, I am drawing the frame line by Photoshop. It is a way of cutting the range of the selection, and pulling the borderline of ten pixels in the thickness. As for this way, the line is drawn at the part of severing. However, I am dealing by the following techniques. The size of the file is greatly made beforehand only by the thickness of the frame line on length and side. (They are 20 pixels in total.) Afterwards, it trims at the last rendering. For instance, there might be neither coming in succession of the scene nor a frame line by the manuscript. It reproduces and it deals with the layer when such irregular. The method of dividing my scene is comparatively formal. Therefore, this way is suitable. However, please research another method if you use irregular scene division.
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*Form of Photoshop (.psd)
By what format of files do you preserve a lot of files made from work? I think that it is certain to preserve it obediently by the Photoshop form if working by Photoshop. I think that you should preserve it with TIFF etc. so that extra data is not appended only when it sends manuscripts to a printing office the manuscript. The use of "jpg" and "gif" is popular in the Web site. However, never use them. The compression noise is generated. It becomes a picture that collapsed awfully when printing.
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*Alpha-Channel
The range of the selection that was had a hard time and made works according to the following procedures. And, it preserves it applying the name. [Menu] -> "Range of the selection" -> "The range of the selection is preserved. " The range of the selection is preserved as 8 bit gray image. It can be referred to from "Channel" tab of the layer palette. This extra channel image is called an Alpha-Channel by the Photoshop term. Because this is a Bitmap image, the following work similar to a usual image can be done. The paint is done, the filter is put, and the paste does another gray-scale image.
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*JOUZAN-GOUSEI; Multiplication synthesis
There is a pull-down menu displayed, "Usually" when in the layer palette, there are layers other than "Background".
This is a menu that chooses the synthesis method the layer's below how to see the layer. A lot of words of the mystery are derived when clicking. In making the cartoon, I only have to remember only three kinds of effects for the time being.
1."Usually" of default. This is a mode that literally displays the change in addition.
2."Multiplication". This word is difficult. In short, this is a mode that seems to be transparent of the picture below. For instance, the part of 100% white seems to be completely transparent of the layer below. There is paint of 20% gray below, it becomes gray of 40% in total if the layer of 20% gray is multiplying synthesized up, and it sees it. As a result, the expression like the tone that comes in succession is made.
3."Screen".
This is opposite to "Multiplication". The part of 100% black penetrates the picture below, and the part of 100% white becomes completely opaque. This is the best for the expression of light.
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*Anti-alias
@

The left: Anti-alias none. The right: There is Anti-alias.

The image taken into the personal computer is digitalized as a group of a minute pixel. When the image is expanded, it is understood that it is a state of the stairs = I called the "jaggy". Because this "jaggy" digitalizes the image, it is a deterioration phenomenon not to be able to steer around. However, if the resolution of the image is raised enough, scanned, and output, it hardly becomes a problem in seeing with the unassisted eye. "Anti-alias" is a technology to supplement the jaggy with the pixel of the gray, and to show the image of a low resolution to being in the monitor it is possible to be done. If this is a method expressible by a high step and the number of lines of offset lithography's etc., the favor can be received. However, this Anti-alias becomes a fault oppositely in the quality of paper and the print quality of the cartoon magazine sold in Japan. It is because the line grows fat because the pixel element of the gray is converted into the dot of the halftone dot when it makes the print make-up.


Simulation after it prints.

Therefore, it is necessary to put it into the state without Anti-alias to sharpen the line. Anti-alias can be deleted if it processes it with Photoshop also in the gray mode file as follows. "Image" menu -> "Tone correction" -> "Making to 2 steps". I want to reduce the mistake as much as possible. Then, the image of the draft is taken from the stage of the scanning in two black and white steps.
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*SEN-SU (INSATSU-SENNSUU; Number of lines (number of print lines)
It is a number of lines an inch of halftone dot.
In the screen tone of the halftone dot system, the first digit shows the number of lines, and the 2nd digit shows the density among a screen tones on the market. For instance, the 64th tones mean it (It might be irregular because of the manufacturer), that is, 60 line 40% density. When the data of the Grace kale is made, the forecast of the finish is set up if this principle is understood.
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*PowerTone
Photoshop filter software of Mode Co... The pattern of the screen tone in which an analog screen tone is simulated is made.
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*Form of TIFF (.tiff)
This is one of the file preservation forms. This is widely used regardless of the kind of OS. Information is not deteriorated even if it compresses and it develops unlike jpg etc., and there is an excellent feature though there is a compression option.
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*Action
This records the work procedure for doing by Photoshop, and is a function that reproduces at a time. A regular work procedure can save labor of work greatly by registering the action. The provided single function is registered to be deep, and the button of the menu hierarchy is displayed. Then, the function can be simply called and it is convenient.
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* "MAN-DARAKE"
This is a major second-hand bookshop that treats the commodity related to the cartoon and the animated cartoon. The shop sold the manuscript of a large amount of cartoon that flowed out from the SAKURA publication that went bankrupt. Because the author of the cartoon had not known it, it became a problem.
I am not encountering damage. However, such an experience was done in old times. The short story drawn in the magazine of the KADOKAWA Co. became missing. Then, the compensation trial was caused. The manuscript returned to me an uncertain addressor then it. (Please refer to the book after initial short collection "HI-TO". ) Therefore, I did not think MAN-DARAKE & SAKURA publication event to be others thing. Then, I was contributing it to "Meeting that defended the cartoon manuscript" only a little.
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*Adobe Illustrator
This is graphic software of the vector type made by the Adobe Company of the United States.
This software draws the figure by using the line of Bezier curve where rendering is mathematically done. Therefore, it doesn't depend on the resolution, and the jaggy is never generated. Basically, this software is suitable for drawing a mechanical figure.
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*Bitmap
This is 2D image data to which the pixel information.
A variety of kinds of images exist together internally of the computer when "Image" is roughly treated. This fixed pixel data is called a bitmap. Bezier curve of Illustrator and polygon etc. of game, it in real time calculates rendering, and is distinguished from the image displayed on the screen. The screen of the game is preserved as screen capture and a bit map. Is this comprehensible if you thought, "It likes the photograph that can be treated in the computer"?
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*DO-SEN; move line
This is a peculiar expression to the cartoon. It line is explains the movement of subject.
It can be said that it is a variation of the speed effect line. However, I often draw in distinction from the effect line of backing. I called, "DO-SEN" distinguishing. It is basic to draw it to extract in two lines in white in white. Therefore, it is called, "NIHON-SET; Two line set" in my office.
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*Shade
This is domestic production 3DCG software of the ExpressionTools Co... (ExTools went bankrupt, and the goodwill was transferred to E-frontier in April, 2003.)
This was a peculiar specification to manage Bezier curve by a browser. And, it is acknowledged in the height of the quality of the still picture by ray tracing. The software company put out the cheap edition of the price which 10,000 yen (=about $88) was under in the latter half of 90's. Then, the act caused a low-priced competition of 3DCG software. The result and the software are famous because it came in the first place of a domestic share. However, this Shade2 in about 1990.U cost as much as 1.7 million yen, and was super-high-end software of the yearning. I was about 100,000 yen about 1995 year, and Shade3light was bought.
The tutorial of the software was a wild specification only there was paper not bound a book crude. I was at a loss without understanding be good if shape is very made from the software.
The software was improved in about 1997 and the version improved to Shade R1. And, the manual of very beautiful bookbinding adhered. The description was comprehensible and was kind to the tutorial. At last, I came to be able to use the software.
Those days just, the explanation book on Shade was published for the first time in the bookstore. The work that I made by the help of them is CG illustration of the cover of a Battle Angel Alita complete version. It is a digression as follows. I limit word "CG" to 3DCG and use it. I am not called the picture drawn with Photoshop and Painter having like that. The picture drawn with Photoshop and Painter should be called "Digital illustration". BAA LastOrder is "Cartoon finished up by digital." because the picture drawn on paper only is scanned and finished up by it.
Anyway, the age when the term "CG" and "Digital" passed as unusual PR release remains ending. And, its receiving as a very natural concept and to the entering age joyous.
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*PICT format (.pct)
This is a preservation form of a standard image of Mac. (It is up to MacOS 9.) I am using ShadeR4 in work indefinitely. Therefore, the manuscript is preserved by this form. As for latest Shade, the image form that can be read seems to have increased further.
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